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The Fessenheim Nuclear Power Plant is located in the Fessenheim commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Alsace in north-eastern France, north east of the Mulhouse urban area,〔(Calculez la distance a vol d'oiseau entre toutes les villes de France - Distance between Ruelisheim-Fessenheim )〕 within of the border with Germany, and approximately from Switzerland. The plant is located in the thirteenth most densely populated region in Metropolitan France and in the centre of the European Backbone. It is the oldest operational nuclear power plant in France〔(Spotlight on France’s oldest nuclear plant ) euronews, published 2011-03-25〕〔(Séisme, inondation : la pression monte à Fessenheim ) Le Moniteur published 2011-03-24, accessed 2011-03-30〕 since the Superphénix, a fast breeder reactor, was closed in 1996/97.〔see List of nuclear reactors#France〕 There have been ongoing concerns about the seismic safety of the plant and, following the 2011 Fukushima I nuclear accidents, on March 21 the local Information and Oversight Commission for the plant called for the seismic risk to be re-evaluated based on a 7.2 magnitude earthquake; the plant was originally designed for a 6.7 magnitude earthquake.〔 The Swiss cantons of Basel-Stadt, Basel-Landschaft and Jura have also said that they are to going to ask the French government to suspend the operation of Fessenheim while undertaking a safety review based on the lessons learned from Japan.〔(Trois cantons suisses demandent l'arrêt de la centrale nucléaire de Fessenheim ) Associated Press on ''Yahoo!'', published 2011-03-30, accessed 2011-03-30〕 The German state of Baden-Württemberg has called for a temporary closure in line with the 3-month shutdown of pre-1981 plants ordered in Germany.〔(Atomkraft: Fessenheim bereitet dem Land Sorgen ) Stuttgarter Nachrichten, published 2011-03-23, accessed 2011-04-06〕 On March 29 the Franche-Comté Regional Council went further and voted for the plant to be closed, the first time a French Regional Council has passed such a vote.〔(Les conseillers généraux de Franche-Comté votent une motion pour la fermeture de la centrale nucléaire de Fessenheim dans le Haut-Rhin ) La Tribune, published 2011-03-29, accessed 2011-03-30〕 On April 6 the Grand Council of Basel-Stadt also voted for the plant to be closed〔(Le Grand Conseil de Bâle-Ville exige l’arrêt de la centrale de Fessenheim ) LeMatin, published 2011-04-06, accessed 2011-04-06〕 as did the council of the Urban Community of Strasbourg on April 12.〔(Le conseil municipal de Strasbourg pour la fermeture de la centrale de Fessenheim ) Le Monde, published 2011-04-12, accessed 2011-04-13〕〔(Jacques Bigot veut faire de Fessenheim une référence mondiale sur la fin de vie du nucléaire ) published 2011-04-12, accessed 2011-04-13〕 The European Parliament's Green members are also supporting the closure demands and are referring the matter to the European Commission.〔(Nucléaire: les Verts européens veulent faire de Fessenheim un "site pilote" ) Le Parisien, published 2011-04-06, accessed 2011-04-06〕 Around 3,800 people demonstrated near the plant on April 8; a larger demonstration is expected on April 25.〔(Des milliers de manifestants demandent l'arrêt de la centrale de Fessenheim ) Le Monde, published 2011-04-11, accessed 2011-04-12〕 The group ''Stop Fessenheim'' have collected over 63,000 signatures through an online petition calling for Fessenheim's closure,〔(Arrêter Fessenheim ! ) Stop Fessenheim, accessed 2011-04-13〕 and, on April 18, began a 366-day 'fasting relay' outside the préfecture office in Colmar.〔(Alsace | Un jeûne de 366 jours pour obtenir l’arrêt de la centrale de Fessenheim ) L'Alsace, published 2011-04-19, accessed 2011-04-19〕 After his victory in the 2012 Presidential Election, François Hollande confirmed his plan to close the plant in 2017.〔France Soir, published 2012-05-02: (Présidentielle : Hollande confirme sa volonté de fermer Fessenheim )〕 In September 2012, he ordered to close the plant by the end of 2016.〔Le Figaro 8 September 2015: (La fermeture de la centrale nucléaire de Fessenheim à nouveau repoussée )〕 In September 2015, Ségolène Royal (Minister of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy since April 2014), said a closure before the end of the term of François Hollande (that ends in May 2017) would furthermore be her intention. ==Description== The Fessenheim plant has two pressurized water reactors, each generating 900 MWe. Construction at Fessenheim began in 1970 and the plant was commissioned in 1977.〔(La centrale de Fessenheim ) Autorité de sûreté nucléaire, accessed 2009-05-17〕 It is built alongside the Grand Canal d'Alsace, a canal channelling the Upper Rhine river, from which it draws of cooling water annually.〔(Eléments de diagnostic de la partie française ) ''Agence de l'Eau Rhin Meuse'', published April 2005, accessed 2011-03-30〕 The plant permanently employs around 700 staff and 200 contractors,〔(Nucléaire: une année de grands travaux en 2011 à Fessenheim (Haut-Rhin) ) Décideurs en Région, published 2011, accessed 2011-04-13〕 and indirectly supports a further 600 to 2,000 people during maintenance operations. The plant contributes around 16,000,000 euro in tax to the various local authorities, including providing the commune of Fessenheim with 70% of its revenue.〔(Faut-il fermer Fessenheim ) - ''Alsapresse.com'', published 2006-03-31.〕 In October 2009 the plant's third 10-yearly inspection on reactor 1 began, in advance of a decision on whether the plant can continue to operate for a further decade.〔(Aire Urbaine | La centrale de Fessenheim est-elle à l’abri d’un accident majeur ? ) Le Pays, 2011-03-15, accessed 2011-04-13〕 A full decision is expected in 2011, but permission to restart reactor 1 in the interim has been given.〔(French Nuclear Watchdog Plans Fessenheim Decision in ‘Weeks’ ) Bloomberg, accessed 2011-04-13〕 The second reactor is due to be shut down for inspection from mid April 2011.〔(Fessenheim: début lundi de la visite décennale du réacteur N°2 (syndicats) ) le Parisien, published 2011-04-13, accessed 2011-04-13〕 The local Information and Oversight Commission has asked GSIEN to conduct a parallel independent inspection alongside the official inspection by the Nuclear Safety Authority.〔(GSIEN - Groupement des scientifiques pour l'information sur l'énergie nucléaire ) Réseau national de mesures de la radioactivité de l'environnement, accessed 2011-04-11〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fessenheim Nuclear Power Plant」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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